Quotations and Resources On Prayer As An Act of Worship

By: Rev. Jack Cascione

Reclaim News has issued a number of releases explaining that the Benke Case has led the majority of the LCMS District Presidents, the Synodical President, and "Jesus First" to deny or ignore prayer as an act of worship. Rather than spread citations across a number of news releases that support prayer as an act of worship, we have collected them all together in this release.

The intent is to provide information for many lay people in the LCMS who are being told by their pastors that prayer is not an act of worship.  We request that any pastor or layman who has an additional quotation(s) to add to the list, please send it to Reclaim News.


LUTHERAN  CONFESSIONS

"But the Scripture teaches not the invocation of saints, or to ask help of saints, since it sets before us the one Christ as the Mediator, Propitiation, High Priest, and Intercessor.  He is to be PRAYED to, and has promised that He will hear our PRAYER; and this WORSHIP He approves above all, to wit, that in all afflictions He be called upon, 1 John 2,1:  'If any man sin, we have an Advocate with the Father, etc.'" (Augsburg Confession Article XXI.3 Concordia Triglotta page 57



LCMS CATECHISMS


Question 201 of the LCMS 1943 Catechism asks:
"What is prayer?  Prayer is an act of worship . . ."

The new LCMS Catechism published in 1991 no longer identifies prayer as worship.
Question 194, in the new LCMS Catechism asks: "What is prayer? Prayer is speaking to God in words and thoughts."



CHEMNITZ

"And because it is an absolute certainty that God wills to be known and invoked in the same way as He in His Word has revealed Himself, we must cling to any definition of God to which our mind can refer in worship.  For adoration is confession which attributes to that essence which we address in our prayers, all those qualities which are set forth in a definition." (Loci Theologici, translated by J. A. O. Preus, CPH 1989 Vol. I page 57

"Worship is given to deity.  For it is certain that the everlasting prayer is spoken about which the Messiah invoked, also when not seen with eyes, nor is it said only of a gesture by which honor is ascribed to present rulers." (Loci Theologici, Martin Chemnitz quotes Philip Melanchthon Vol. I page 87).



ABIDING WORD

"Thesis IV Prayer, to be valid, must be offered to the Triune God in the name of Jesus."  "This Triune God reserves for Himself alone the honor of being worshipped.  Jesus in His memorable battle with the devil quotes Deut. 6:13 freely in the challenge "Thou shalt worship the Lord, thy God and Him only shalt thou serve" (Mat.4:10). "Abiding Word," "Prayer" C. A. Behnke, CPH, 1946, Vol. I page 255



LUTHER

"The First Commandment demands faith, that you believe that God is a Helper in due time, as Ps. 9:9 declares. The Second demands confession and prayer, that we call upon the name of God in danger and give thanks to God. The Third, that we teach the truth and defend and preserve sound doctrine. These
are the true and only forms of worship of God, which God demands . . ." LW1:328-329

"Because no law had yet been given about worship in a certain place, they were free to sacrifice everywhere, just as we today are free to pray everywhere." LW2:192

". . . the real kernel of worship, which is to give thanks, pray, hope, and confess even under the cross and in disaster." LW6:237

Luther says: "In our days they [the papists] let obedience lie and lead us so deeply into works, that we have completely drifted from obedience, and we gape at works and despise our own mission and calling. Hence there is no doubt it is Satan's own doings that divine worship is confined only to churches, altars, masses, singing, reading, offerings and the like, as if all other works were vain or of no use whatever. How could Satan mislead us more completely from the right way than when he confines God's worship within such narrow limits, only to the church and whatever is done it?" In "Sermons of Martin Luther" [Lenker Edition], Vol. 1, page 245,

"External, gross sins are relatively insignificant when compared with the doctrine that one should become pious by means of works and by worshiping God according to our reason.  For this dishonors and blasphemes the innocent blood more than anything else. The heathen committed a far greater sin by praying to the sun and the moon, which they regarded as the proper worship of God, than by sinning in any other way. Therefore the piety of man is sheer blasphemy of God and the greatest sin a man commits.  Thus the ways now current in the world-the ways, which the world regards as worship of God and as piety-are worse in the eyes of God than any other sin. This applies to the priests and the monks and to what seems good in the eyes of the world yet is without faith. Therefore it is better for him who does not want to obtain grace from God through the blood never to appear before the eyes of God. For by doing so he only angers the Majesty more and more." LW:30:36

"Where the Son of God is, there Christ is; where Christ is, there the Father is. I conclude that 'in Him the whole fullness of the Godhead dwells,' Col. 2:9. Thus everything in the Old Testament looks to the worship of Him who sits above the cherubim. They were always compelled to turn toward the mercy seat when they prayed. This was a figure.  Christ says that He was concealed under that figure. John 14:6: 'I am the Way, the Truth, and the Life.' For it pleased the Father that all the fullness should dwell in Him, Col. 1:19." LW30:223

"The God who does such marvelous things is our God. This God we worship. To this God we pray. He is that God at whose command the whole universe was born. Why, then, do we tremble if this God is kindly disposed toward us?" LW13:91

"Only that prayer is acceptable which breathes a firm confidence and trust that it will be heard (no matter how small and unworthy it may be in itself) because of the reliable pledge and promise of God. Not your zeal but God's Word and promise render your prayer good.  This faith, based on God's words, is also the true worship; without it all other worship is sheer deception and error." LW42:77



DICTIONARIES & LEXICONS

Liddell & Scott "A Greek-English Lexicon" published by Oxford defines the Greek word for prayer (proseuchomai) as "3. offer prayers, worship," page 1511

Kittel's "Theological Word Dictionary of the Greek New Testament" states that the Greek word for "worship" (proskuneo) in the New Testament includes prayer.  "This new reality into which the Son alone sets us is to control prayer.  There is no longer to be any exclusive place of worship, but prayer is still to take place at specific places and with specific gestures." (Vol. VI Page 764).  Kittel also recognizes prayer as worship in Rabbinic Judaism on page 763.

The Lutheran Cyclopedia's definition of prayer includes, "Family prayer (as at mealtime and in family worship and social prayer in public worship are forms of corporate prayer."  (CPH, 1975 page 631) "The Christian worships . . . when he presents prayers and supplications for all sorts and conditions of men . . ." (page 827).



WISCONSIN SYNOD

The current WELS catechism, page 290, question 329 asks: "What is prayer?" After citing two passages, the answer states: "Prayer is an act of worship in which we speak to God from our hearts."



CATHOLIC RESOURCES

The Catholic Catechism, "The Teaching of Christ" (1976) quotes Vatican II on prayer and worship on page 389: "At the same time, let the faithful be instructed that our communion with those in heaven, provided that it is understood in the more adequate light of faith, in no way is weakened but rather on the contrary more thoroughly enriches, the supreme worship we give to God the Father, through Christ, in the Spirit (LG 51)."

"So to God we give absolute worship, and to Him we pray: 'Have mercy on us. (LG 67)'"

The new "Catechism of the Catholic Church" lists the Magnificat as both prayer and worship in paragraphs 2097 and 2619.






September , 2002